Reconfigurable antennas are antennas that can change their frequency, radiation pattern, polarization, or other properties to adapt to different operating conditions or communication requirements. These antennas typically use mechanical, electrical, or software-controlled methods to achieve reconfigurability, allowing them to optimize performance in various scenarios. Reconfigurable antennas are particularly useful in applications where wireless communication requirements are constantly changing, such as mobile devices, radar systems, and satellite communication. They offer the flexibility to adjust antenna parameters without the need for physical adjustments or replacements, making them a versatile and cost-effective solution for modern communication systems.